Paper Suggestions

 

            Research papers should be historical in nature, dealing with the time period covered in the course (ca. 1300 to present).  As such, they should demonstrate a healthy dose of primary source research along with secondary sources.  The best topic is one that interests you.  After doing (or glancing through) the readings, what strikes your fancy?

 

a) You may examine a particular thinker, idea, or event of church history.  Of course, you will need to make sure your topic’s scope fits the desired length of the paper.  Combine a group or thinker with a doctrine or event.  The following topic suggestions are not meant to limit your selection, but to get the intellectual juices flowing.  Other suggestions are welcome.

 

Some groups to consider: Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Lutheran, Anabaptist, Reformed, Arminian, Socinian, Pietist, Evangelical.

 

For individual figures, see primary readings and textbook indices.

 

Ideas, doctrines, events:

Canon of Scripture

Biblical interpretation

Sin and anthropology

Christology

Church organization

Missions

Persecution

The state church

Church councils

Identification and treatment of heretics

Baptismal theology and practice

Eucharistic theology and practice

Popes

Predestination

Early reform efforts

Confessionalization

Thirty-Years’ War

Enlightenment

Impact of philosophy on theology

Christian interaction with other religions

Ecumenical movement

 

b) Or…You may discuss the impact of church history on a particular area of life, church, art, family, worship, or confessions and catechisms, etc.  You may trace the influence of a particular thinker, event, or doctrine.  I want to know how church history impacted a particular area of life of interest to you.

 

JOHN WYCLIF

CHRONOLOGY

 

ca. 1330           Born in Yorkshire

 

1337                One Hundred Years War begins

 

ca. 1345           Matriculated at Oxford

 

1349-53           Bubonic plague

 

1360                Master of Balliol College

 

1361                Became rector of Fillingham in Lincolnshire

 

1362                English officially became the national language (after French domination since 1066)

 

1366                Becomes one of the king’s chaplains

 

1369                Bachelor of divinity

 

1370                Debated doctrine of Eucharist

 

1372                Doctor of theology

 

1372-1381       Taught at Oxford

 

1374                Among commissioners to Bruges negotiating problems between papacy and king

 

1377                Pope Gregory XI condemned sent bull to England condemning Wyclif’s writings

                        Began sending out poor preachers (later known as Lollards)

 

1378                Lambeth Palace – Wyclif explained his views to the archbishop and bishops

                        Wrote De ecclesia

 

1379                Wrote against the doctrine of transubstantiation

 

June 13, 1381  Peasants’ revolt begins in London

 

1382                Prolific writing period began

                        Stroke left him partially paralyzed, but his work continued

 

1384                Second stroke and death

 

1415                Council of Constance posthumously condemned Wyclif

 

1428                Wyclif’s remains disinterred, burned to ashes, and cast into the River Swift


 

JAN HUS

CHRONOLOGY

 

ca. 1369           Born in Husinec in South Bohemia (75 SW of Prague)

 

1390                Began studies at the University of Prague

 

1400                Ordained as a priest

 

1401                Appointed Dean of faculty at University of Prague

 

1402                Rector and preacher at Chapel of Holy Innocents of Bethlehem

 

1408                Deposed as synodal preacher

 

1410                Excommunicated and forbidden to preach

 

1412                Interdict placed upon Prague

                        Hus withdrew from Prague, writing and preaching in the countryside

 

1413                Wrote his major work, De ecclesia (plagiarizing Wyclif)

 

1414                Traveled to Constance and was arrested

 

July 6, 1415     Condemned and burned at the stake

 


 

MARTIN LUTHER

CHRONOLOGY

 

1483                Born at Eisleben

 

1484                Family moved to Mansfield; father found work in copper mine

 

1492                Latin school in Mansfield

 

1497                Latin school in Magdeburg

 

1498                School of St. George in Eisenach

 

1501                Entered University of Erfurt

 

1502                Bachelor of Arts degree

 

1505                Master of Arts degree

                        Began law studies

                        July 2, in thunderstorm vowed to become a monk

                        Entered Augustinian monastery in Erfurt

 

1507                Ordination and first mass

 

1510                Sent to Rome on business for the Augustinian order

 

1511                Return from Rome, sent to Wittenberg

 

1512                Promoted to Doctor of Theology at Wittenberg

 

1513                Began lectures on Psalms (fall)

 

1515                Began lectures on Romans (spring)

 

1516                Began lectures on Galatians (fall)

 

1517                Began lectures on Hebrews (fall)

Oct. 31, posted the 95 Theses

 

1518                Heidelberg Disputation

                        Summoned to Rome by Pope Leo X

                        Diet of Augsburg with Cardinal Cajetan

 

1519                Leipzig Debate with John Eck

 

1520                Address to the Christian Nobility

                        On the Babylonian Captivity of the Church

                        On the Freedom of a Christian

“Exsurge Domine,” papal bull condemning Luther’s teachings

 

1521                Diet of Worms

                        Excommunicated by Rome

                        Condemned as heretic

                        “Kidnapped” and hidden in Wartburg Castle

 

1522                Comes out of hiding and returns to Wittenberg

 

1524-25           Peasant uprising

 

1525                On the Bondage of the Will                     

                        Married Katherine von Bora

 

1526                Diet of Speyer

 

1527                Writes Ein feste Burg

 

1529                Second Diet of Speyer

                        Oct. 1-3, Marburg Colloquy with Zwingli

 

1530                Augsburg Confession

 

1534                Publication of complete German Bible

 

1546                Death at Eisleben

 


 

ULRICH ZWINGLI

CHRONOLOGY

 

1484                Born in Toggenburg Valley of canton of St. Gallen, Switzerland

 

1502-06           Studied at Basel

 

1506                Ordained; parish priest at Glarus

 

1516                Priest at Einsiedeln

 

1519                Began ministry at Zurich

 

1520                Plague comes to Zurich

 

1522                Affair of the Sausages

First tract, Beginning and End

 

1523                First disputation in Zurich; 67 Articles

 

1525                Created Prophezei (prophecy), a school for study of the Bible

 

1526                Condemned by Diet of Swiss Confederation at Baden

 

1528                Bern Disputation

 

1529                First Battle of Kappel

                        Oct. 1-3, Marburg Colloquy with Luther

 

1530                Fidei ratio

 

1531                Died at Second Battle of Kappel

 


 

JOHN CALVIN

CHRONOLOGY

 

1509                Born in Noyon, France

 

ca. 1520-23     Matriculated at University of Paris

 

1528                Bachelor of Arts

                        Moved from Paris to Orleans to begin law school

 

ca. 1530-33     “Conversion” to Protestantism

 

1531                His father died

Moved back to Paris

 

1532                First book, commentary on Seneca’s De clementia

 

1535                Fled France

                        Settled in Basel

                        Preface to Olivetan’s New Testament translation

 

1536                Settled in Geneva (first stay)

                        First edition of Institutes

 

1537                Troubles begin in Geneva, including disputes with Anabaptists

 

1538                Exiled from Geneva

                        Began ministry in Strasbourg

 

1539                Second edition of Institutes

                        Reply to Sadoleto

 

1540                Marriage to Idelette de Bure

                        Published first biblical commentary (on Romans)

 

1541                Returned to Geneva (second stay)

 

1542                Ecclesiastical ordinances made law

 

1542                The Bondage of Choice

 

1549                Death of Idelette

 

1559                Final and definitive edition of Institutes

Became a citizen of Geneva

Founded school (university) of Geneva

 

1564                Died in Geneva at age 54

WILLIAM TYNDALE

CHRONOLOGY

 

ca. 1494           Born in the Cotswalds

 

1506                Studied at Magdalen Hall at Oxford

 

1512                Graduated Bachelor of Arts

 

1513                Ordained

 

1519                At Cambridge

 

1521                Chaplain at Little Sodbury Manor

 

1523                Seeks Tunstall’s patronage for Bible translation

 

1524                At Hamburg and Wittenberg

 

1525                Prints part of New Testament at Cologne

 

1526                First complete printing of New Testament at Worms

 

1528                Obedience of a Christian Man

 

1529                Translates Pentateuch

 

1530                Old Testament translation published

 

1531                Refuses invitation of Henry VIII to return to England

                        Sir Thomas More begins writing against Tyndale

 

1535                Betrayed by Henry Phillips, arrested at Antwerp

                        Imprisoned at Vilvoorde Castle in Brussels for 18 months

 

1536                Strangled and burned at Brussels


 

JACOB ARMINIUS

CHRONOLOGY

 

1559                Born in Oudewater, South Holland

                        Father died

 

ca. 1572           Began studies at Utrecht

 

Oct. 3, 1574    Spanish siege of Leiden lifted

 

1575                Arminius’ family killed in Spanish invasion of Oudewater

 

1576                Matriculated at Leiden University

 

1582-83           Studied at Basel

 

1584-86           Studied at Geneva

 

1587                Began pastoral duties in Amsterdam

 

1588                Ordained in Oude Kerk, Amsterdam

 

1590                Marriage to Lijsbet Reael

 

1591                Beginning of controversy over Romans 7

 

1601-02           Plague struck Holland

 

1603                Doctor of Theology

                        Became professor of theology at Leiden

 

1605-06           Rector Magnificus of Leiden University

Christological controversy

 

Oct. 30, 1608  Declaration of Sentiments before States of Holland in The Hague

 

Oct. 19, 1609  Died in Leiden at age 50

 


 

JOHN WESLEY

CHRONOLOGY

 

1703                Born at Epworth, Lincolnshire, England, 15th child of Samuel and Susanna Wesley

 

1709                Fire at Epworth Rectory – John and Charles Wesley rescued

 

1714                Entered Charterhouse School in London

 

1720                Entered Christ Church College, Oxford

 

1725                Ordained Deacon in the Church of England

 

1726                Elected Fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford

 

1728                Ordained Priest

 

1729                Returned to Oxford and became leader of the “Holy Club”

 

1730                Began prison ministry

 

1735               Father died

Embarked for Mission in Georgia

 

1738                Returned to England

Conversion experience at Aldersgate

 

1739                Founded the first Methodist “society”

 

1742                First "class-meetings" organized, they became a 'germ cell' of the Methodist Society

 

1743                Published his General Rules for the Methodist Societies

 

1744                First Methodist Conference held

 

1747                Began first of several visits to Ireland

 

1748                Opened Kingswood School

 

1769                Predestination controversy

 

1778                First Issue of Monthly, Arminian Magazine

 

1784                Legally incorporated Methodist Conference

                        Ordained preachers for USA, led to formation of Methodist Episcopal Church

 

1791                Died in London at age 87

 

SØREN KIERKEGAARD

CHRONOLOGY

 

1813                Born in Copenhagen

 

1830                Entered the University of Copenhagen as a theology student


1834                Mother died

 

1838                Father died


1840                Completed examination for theology degree (magna cum laude)

                        Engagement to Regine Olsen


1841                Master’s Thesis: The Concept of Irony

Engagement with Regine Olsen broken


1843                Either/Or


1844                Philosophical Fragments

                        The Concept of Anxiety

 

1845                Stages on Life's Way

                        Beginning of The Corsair Affair (through the summer of the following year)


1846                Concluding Unscientific Postscript to Philosophical Fragments


1847                Works of Love

                        Purity of Heart Is to Will One Thing


1848                Wrote The Point of View for my Work as an Author


1850                Practice in Christianity


1851                For Self-Examination

Judge For Yourself!

1852-54           Kierkegaard published nothing until December, 1854

 

1854                Death of Bishop Mynster

1854-55           Wrote numerous pamphlets (published in English as Attack upon Christendom)


1855                Died in Copenhagen at age 42

 


 

KARL BARTH

CHRONOLOGY

 

1886                Born in Basel, Switzerland

 

1904-11           Student and pastor in various places

 

1908                Became editorial assistant for Die Christliche Welt (a liberal Protestant journal)

 

1911-21           Pastor in Safenwil, Switzerland

 

1914                World War I began

 

1918                Commentary on Romans

 

1921-25           Taught at Göttingen

 

1922                2nd edition of Commentary on Romans

 

1925-30           Taught at Münster

 

1930-34           Taught at Bonn

 

1932                Began Church Dogmatics

 

1933                Hitler became chancellor of Germany

 

1934                Wrote Nein!

                        Barmen Declaration

 

1935-62           Taught at Basel

 

1962                Visit to USA

 

1968                Died at age 82